C. Grabner, E. Schmidt:
"On the Saturation Dependency of the Magnetic Surface Force Density at the Lateral Slot Wedge of Electrical Machines";
Talk: Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS), Honolulu (HI, USA); 10-15-2003 - 10-19-2003; in: "Proceedings of the Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS)", (2003), ISBN: 0-9679674-3-0; 345.

Investigations on the mechanical behavior of parts used in electrical machines require an accurate calculation of acting volume force densities inside conducting regions and surface force densities at the material boundaries. Thereby, saturation effects due to the current excitation arise in particular at iron boundaries in an enormous scale. The magnitude of the acting mechanical surface force density is determined by nonlinear contributions from the magnetic flux density and the relative permeability at both sides of the material boundary. The performed investigation obviously shows that the magnitude of the electromagnetic surface force densities is mainly influenced by the saturation dependent nonlinear permeability of the surrounding iron. This becomes more effective in case of higher electrical currents. Thus, the inclusion of saturation effects in the proposed force calculation method is inevitable.