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K. Edelmoser, F. Zach:
"DC-to-DC Converter With Extended Voltage Transfer Ratio, Optimized for Bi-Directional Operation";
WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems, 6 (2006), 1; S. 1057 - 1061.

In the field of electrical solar power inverters in local grid applications,
a special DC-to-DC converter is necessary to couple the battery, operating at low
DC-voltages, to the inverter's DC-link. These converters with very low input respectively
high output voltage ratings have, due to the high current ratings, a relatively low
efficiency. Therefore, a special design is required to adapt the different voltage levels.
The second energy direction required for charging the battery mostly requires an additional
converter. In this paper, a possible solution for such a specific solar converter is
presented: a bi-directional DC-to-DC converter, well-suited for DC-link and charging
operation. The input voltage of a (e.g. a solar buffered) battery (12V or 24V) is adapted
to a 400V DC-link, operating in both energy directions, for a local grid power inverter
supply. The total power to be managed on the output of the DC-to-DC converter is 500W (12V)
respectively 1kW (24V). So it makes sense to develop a topology which is also well suited
for paralleling several power switches. The structure presented here fulfills all of these
topics.

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