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G. Meschke, R. Lackner:
"Anisotropic Modelling of Cracked Concrete Based on Plasticity-Damage Theory";
in: "Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Computational Plasticity (COMPLAS V)", Pineridge Press, Swansea, 1997, 1543 - 1550.

A material model for plain concrete based on an anisotropic damage evolution law is fomulated within the framework of multisurface elastoplasticity-damage theory. Cracking in tension, accompanied by stiffness degradation and inelastic deformations, as well as the nonlinear response of concrete in compression is taken into account. The effect of different softening laws on the stress-strain relation and on the dissipation is investigated in the context of a 1D model problem. The algorithmic formulation of the model is based on the return map scheme originally developed for elastoplastic models. The model is employed for re-analyses of a notched beam made of plain concrete. The numerical results are compared with respective test results.

Keywords: concrete, crack, damage, softening, plasticity, anisotropic