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H.A. Mang, H. Flögl:
"Tension-Stiffening Concept for Reinforced Concrete Surface Structures";
in: "Proceedings of the IABSE (IVBH) Colloquium on Advanced Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete", IABSE, 1981, 351 - 370.

Disregard of the capacity of the concrete between neighboring cracks to carry tensile forces normal to the cracks - the so-called "tension-stiffening effect" - may result in underestimating member stiffnesses considerably. In this paper, a novel tension stiffening concept for reinforced concrete surface structures is presented. It is based on bond slip between the reinforcement and the surrounding concrete. Good agreement of results from geometrically and physically nonlinear finite-element-analyses with experimental results is demonstrated.