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Ch. Brandstätter, R. Lackner, Ch. Pichler, H.A. Mang:
"Application of Jet Grouting in NATM Tunneling";
in: "Computational Mechanics - New Frontiers for the New Millennium, Proceedings of the 1st Asian-Pacific Congress on Computational Mechanics", S. Valliappan, N. Khalili (ed.); Elsevier Science, Oxford, 2001, 3 - 15.

Even though jet grouting has been successfully applied in ground improvement over the last 20 years, little is known about the mechanical properties of the improved soil obtained from this method, referred to as soilcrete. In this paper, first steps towards chemomechanical modeling of soilcrete by means of nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis are reported. The starting point is determination of basic properties of soilcrete such as the geometric dimensions of the soilcrete body and the cement content of soilcrete. For this purpose, a novel strategy combining in situ temperature measurements and a thermochemical material model is presented. Based on intrinsic material functions obtained from laboratory compression tests, numerical analyses of jet grouting in the context of tunneling according to the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) are performed. The obtained results provide insight into the interaction of the hardening shotcrete shell and soilcrete bodies, on the one hand, and the inward moving soil, on the other hand.

Keywords: NATM, soilcrete, couplings, Ground improvement, in situ measuremens, insintric