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W. Geyrhofer, B. Voglauer, H. Jörgl:
"Control of a Roasting Process for the Recovery of Vanadium";
Vortrag: 2003 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, Istanbul, Turkey; 23.06.2003 - 25.06.2003; in: "Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications", IEEE Control Systems Society, 03CH37418C (2003), ISBN: 0-7803-7730-3; 4 S.

Rotary Kilns or Multiple Hearth Roasters are
commonly used for the extraction of Vanadium from steelworks
slag. The process is long known but the requirement for efficient
operation makes it difficult for the operator to handle the roaster
in an optimal way. It is inevitable to hold a given process temperature
profile and to provide the correct chemical environment
for an efficient operation mode and to avoid undesired process
behavior. Therefore, in this article a control concept is introduced
which enables a high degree of automatization for a roasting
process in a Multiple Hearth Furnace. The control concept is
based on a temperature controller and a chemistry controller.
An additional overhead controller is introduced that calculates
desired values for the sub-controllers according an optimization
criterion and under consideration of keeping the roaster within
a desired scope of operation. The controller design is mainly
model-based, in case of the chemistry controller, where it might
sometimes be elaborate to provide a sufficient model, optionally
a knowledge based fuzzy controller is used. In the design of the
described control concept industrial applicability was given a
high degree of importance.

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