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M.A. Ertl:
"Using C for the Back End";
Vortrag: Dagstuhl Seminar 08441 Emerging Uses and Paradigms for Dynamic Binary Translation, Schloss Dagstuhl, Dagstuhl, Wadern (eingeladen); 26.10.2008 - 31.10.2008.

If we want to implement a translator easily and
portably, but with with good code quality, then
translating through C is a good option. While C is a
static language, we can also use this technique for
a dynamic translator with the help of a dynamic
linker. The disadvantage of this approach is the
large startup time; this disadvantage can be
partially overcome by caching, batching, and seeding
the cache. Some challenges for this technique in
binary translation are modeling the (arbitrary)
control flow in C and the compilation granularity of
C. One example of using dynamic translation through
C, although not in a binary translation context is
the implementation of a foreign function
interface.

http://www.dagstuhl.de/Materials/Files/08/08441/08441.ErtlAnton.Slides.pdf