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M. Hengl, B. Huber, N. Krouzecky:
"The Integrated River Engineering Project on the Danube to the East of Vienna, River Bed Stabilisation by Coarsening of Bed Material - Section Model Tests";
Talk: IAHR Kongress 2009, Vancouver (invited); 2009-08-09 - 2009-08-14.

The deepening of the river bed of the Danube to the east to Vienna has brought a
lowering of the water level, which has negative effects on ecology and water balance.
The rehabilitation project comprises several measures. The most significant one is
the granulometric bed improvement (GBI) to stabilise the river bed by coarsening the
bed material by a gravel layer of grain sizes within the grading curve of the river.
Hydraulic model tests were conducted in a 2 m wide and approx. 30 m long channel
at a scale of 1:10 in order to investigate the behaviour of the added material. It was
verified that the layer of coarse gravel withstands the local bed shear stress at the
highest navigable water level. Beyond this discharge level the added layer of coarse
gravel mixes with the natural bed load at areas of larger local stress due to locally
limited erosion of the added layer and consequent scour building.

http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/PubDat_179508.pdf