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T. Prikhna, W. Gawalek, Y. Savchuk, V. Tkach, N. Danilenko, M. Wendt, J. Dellith, H. W. Weber, M. Eisterer, V. Moshchil, N. Sergienko, A. Kozyrev, P. Nagorny, A. Shapovalov, V. Melnikov, S. Dub, D. Litzkendorf, T. Habisreuther, C. Schmidt, A. Mamalis, V. Sokolovsky, V. Sverdun, F. Karau, A. Starostina:
"Higher borides and oxygen-enriched Mg-B-O inclusions as possible pinning centers in nanostructural magnesium diboride and the influence of additives on their formation";
Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, 470 (2010), 935 - 938.

The study of high pressure (2 GPa) synthesized MgB2-based materials allows us to conclude that higher
borides (with near MgB12 stoichiometry) and oxygen-enriched Mg-B-O inclusions can be pinning centers
in nanostructural magnesium diboride matrix (with average grain sizes of 15-37 nm). It has been established
that additions of Ti or SiC as well as manufacturing temperature can affect the size, amount and
distribution of these inclusions in the material structure and thus, influence critical current density.
The superconducting behavior of materials with near MgB12 stoichiometry of matrix is discussed.

http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/PubDat_191535.pdf