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B. Geringer, P. Hofmann, H. Pflaum:
"Emission Performance of Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil (HVO) in a Modern Compression Ignition Engine";
Talk: International Colloquium Fuels, Ostfildern (D) (invited); 2011-01-19 - 2011-01-20; in: "8th International Colloquium Fuels", TAE (ed.); (2011), 9 pages.

As real biofuel HVO (Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil) was investigated pure and in different blends with fossil diesel. The results on the engine test bench show that HVO can reduce the NOx-Particulate tradeoff up to 50% compared to conventional diesel, whereas this is not the case at all load points. Especially in low-load conditions the high cetane number of the alternative fuel leads to a decreased ignition delay and thereby reduces the potential to lower particulate
emissions.
Besides the reduction of particulate emissions, the fact that HVO does not contain any aromatic compounds also helps to reduce the emissions of unburned HC and CO emissions. For both a reduction of up to 50% could be achieved compared to fossil diesel, whereas the magnitude of the decrease depends on the temperatures occurring during combustion.
During the time before the oxidation catalyst´s light off has taken place, low unburned raw emissions can mean a big advantage in real life conditions. As result, HVO reduces HC and CO emissions during NEDC driving cycle of up to 80%