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S Hepp, M. Schöberl:
"Worst-Case Execution Time Based Optimization of Real-Time Java Programs";
in: "15th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing", IEEE, Shenzhen, Guangdong China, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-0499-3, 64 - 70.

Standard compilers optimize execution time for the average case. However, in
hard real-time systems the worst-case execution time (WCET) is of primary importance.
Therefore, a compiler for real-time systems shall include optimizations that aim
to minimize the WCET.

One effective compiler optimization is method inlining. It is especially important
for languages, like Java, where small setter and getter methods are considered
good programming style. In this paper we present and explore WCET driven inlining
of Java methods. We use the WCET analysis tool for the Java processor JOP to guide
to optimization along the worst-case path. The tool JCopter is integrated with the WCET
analysis tool and is used to explore different inlining strategies. On real-time benchmarks
the optimization results in a reduction of the WCET by a few percent up to a factor of about 2.

wcet, optimization, Java, real-time, worst-case execution time

http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2012.17