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M. Leeb, A. Korjenic, C. Deseyve, T. Höfer, T. Bednar:
"Effects of Lifestyle, External Climate and Occupant Presence on the Energy Demand in Office Buildings";
Vortrag: 43rd International Congress on Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning, Belgrade, Serbien (eingeladen); 05.12.2012 - 07.12.2012; in: "kgh PROCEEDINGS", (2012), ISBN: 978-86-81505-64-9.

The building envelope and the heat gains and losses through the building envelope are generally easy to reproduce in a simulation model, but it is difficult to obtain the total energy consumption by HVAC systems. All factors, including building operation, user activities and behaviour, and indoor environmental quality, should be taken into account using a combination of simulations and real
measurements of energy consumption data. There are major differences between the comparisons of energy-consumption patterns. Using standard data, it is difficult to obtain the correct results
especially for office buildings.
In this study, the energy consumption of the whole building, HVAC, and electrical appliances were recorded in detail and reproduced in dynamic simulations. It has been shown that foreknowledge of building use, including all used equipment, is necessary to correctly predict energy consumption or to calculate accurate results.
It has been also shown that it is possible to calculate the effects of different components on the total energy use in office buildings after detailed data is collected and interpreted in a simulation so that the results are easy to comprehend.
This paper illustrates the impact of lifestyle, external climate, and presence probability on the total energy use in office buildings using a real case study, located in Melk, Lower Austria, Austria.
The results of the probabilistic calculations, in comparison to the measurement and the simulation are quite good. Only the total energy consumption of the building equipment was adapted to the measured
data.
Other results of these investigations show that the outdoor climate, as well as lifestyle and occupant activities have an enormous influence on the energy consumption of office buildings.