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C. Lemell, J. Burgdörfer, F. Aumayr:
"Interaction of charged particles with insulating capillary targets - The guiding effect";
Progress in Surface Science, 88 (2013), 237 - 278.

The guiding of charged particles through microscopic and, more
recently, also macroscopic capillaries is a remarkable effect discovered
in 2002 by Stolterfoht and coworkers. After an initial chargeup
phase, a beam of charged particles entering an insulating capillary
can be effectively steered along the tilted capillary axis. The
effect results from self-organized charge-up of the capillary wall
which subsequently deflects ions electrostatically thereby inhibiting
close collisions with the capillary walls. Indeed, in the case of
multiply charged projectile ions the projectiles transmitted
through the capillary keep their initial charge state indicating that
the ions never touched the inner walls. We will review both the
existing experimental data as well as theoretical models for this
phenomenon and similar guiding processes for energetic charged
particles collected over the past 10 years.