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F. Forsthuber, T. Krenek, T. Lauer, B. Geringer:
"Integrative Investigation of Engine and Aftertreatment with Numerical Models";
Talk: Stuttgart International Symposium, Stuttgart (invited); 2013-02-26 - 2013-02-27; in: "Automotive and Engine Technology", M. Bargende, H. Reuss, J. Wiedemann (ed.); (2013), 15 pages.

The EU VI standard cannot be achieved exclusively with internal engine modifications but requires complex exhaust aftertreatment systems. For NOx reduction selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR) are the most appropriate technology. SCR systems use ammonia for NOx reduction which means that urea as an additional operating fluid is required which on the one hand increases operating costs and on the other hand adds an additional degree of freedom to the propulsion system.
Apart from the regulatory requirements for reducing the emission of pollutants customers demand economical vehicles. To further reduce fuel consumption complex technologies have to be adopted such as common rail injection systems, two-stage turbocharging and cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).
Numerical simulation methods can make a significant contribution in developing such propulsion systems. The aim of the present project was therefore to develop a comprehensive simulation model to study the combustion process in combination with the exhaust aftertreatment process. The main focus besides the prediction of the engine´s fuel consumption was to represent the NOx formation during combustion and the NOx reduction in the aftertreatment system by selective catalytic reduction.