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S. Klaric:
"Residence Building In Services Of Sustainable Development";
Supervisor, Reviewer: R. Mandic, A. Korjenic, A. Hadrovic; University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo, 2014; oral examination: 2014-07-04.

RESEARCH AIMS

1. Establishing interdependence of social, scientist, cultural, economic and aesthetic assumptions of social reality and its influence on modern trends and requirements of individual resident building in the function of sustainable development and environmental protection.

2. Defining the advantage of certain materials, place the stress on building materials wood, in the construction of individual residential houses in the application of the ultimate aim to save energy and enable sustainable development, as well as defining the boundaries of application of this material. Economic analysis of contemporary and modern solutions in Europe and here in Bosnia and Herzegovina and also analysis of all the offered solutions that are available and which are within the framework of the latest standards and requirements of the European Union. Analysis of possible solutions that can respond to the financial capabilities of each of the future users, but only the solutions that can save energy in all four regions of energy savings definition EU Legislation 2003.


3. The analysis of attitudes in Europe and the world where the technological achievements in the construction of individual residential houses made equivalent with progress; method of some countries to give the best answers to contemporary demands of housing, technical achievements which aims to reduce energy consumption in all four phases defined consumption (production - from raw material, production by the plans and installation, transport, use, recycling)


4. Defining measures that can be undertaken in Bosnia and Herzegovina, relying on similar experiences of neighbouring countries in the region and on EU countries. Making strategies for the development of efficient construction in Bosnia-Herzegovina; proposal to national standards as well as training personnel to scientifically research work in this sector and exchange knowledge and experiences with experts from European countries.



TASKS OF RESEARCH

1. Defining the four dimensions of sustainability established by the Ministries of Environment of EU countries; which rely on European standards of sustainable development and with accent on analysis of European norms and standards, and long-term goals that were set in the EU and the world by the end of 2021.

2. Objective elements of architectural significance, aesthetic features, technological creativity and standardization with prefabrication elements of the eco house, and analysis of the technological achievements of some research institutes in Europe and the world. Analyses of the impacts of the use of new methods of construction and wood in combination with other eco-clean materials with the aim of saving energy and reducing CO2 emissions in all four phases defined.

3. Research of opportunities for development if clean technologies in all phases of construction of individual residential buildings from the very beginning of planning and designing and analysis of capability support to these technologies in the EU and Bosnia and Herzegovina (wood industry and carbon credit financing clean technologies). To propose the program for education of professional scientist for achieving recognised target.

4. Defining the current position of Bosnia and Herzegovina when analyzing the percentage utilization of natural potentials for the development of clean technologies and energy, and the analysis of development options of small and medium-sized enterprises which have the aim of producing prefabricated elements for the construction of sustainable resident building by EU standards. Customizations of offers from opportunities, and proposals of models of benefits by the European countries.


RESPONDENTS (CONTENTS) AND METHODS OF RESEARCH

The theme of the work belongs in the field of architectural theory, the five methods of research assumed by proposal framework: economic and cultural analysis, descriptor analysis, practical analysis in the technological institutes, comparative analysis and typology methods.

Vital elaboration of proposed topic by economic and cultural method, providing insight into the modern economic movement, the new development objectives and increase living standards setting up new housing requirements. This method in a transparent way would give an insight into the co temporal development and spatial spread of certain architectural ideas that immediately starts planning with aimed at economic savings, the maximum usage (utility) and economic justification.

Adequate knowledge, which are considered relevant to a particular topic of consideration, by descriptive method, through casuistry approach, or through a detailed study of individual representative examples.

Practical analysis is planned as a larger number of study visits to the Research Institutes in Europe, where will have a chance to meet with modern requirements that are placed in front of the civil engineering and architecture, also technological achievements that some institutes accepted as the best solution to the set requirements, all with the aim of saving energy, reducing CO2 emissions and sustainable development in a practical way.

To analyze the development trends of wood industry in the countries of Europe (countries with similar natural characteristics, which has Bosnia and Herzegovina) and the development trends of wood industry in Bosnia-Herzegovina, by comparative methods, comparing socio-economic, philosophical, cultural, technological and artistic assumptions of modern features and development within the scope of sustainability.

Typology method will secure deserved place of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the list of countries that develop clean technology and have built a platform that would serve as basis for adopting rules and laws for design and construction of individual residential houses in Bosnia-Herzegovina, using the analysis of functional, technological, formal and the aesthetic components of the architectural objects, there would be up to new technologies and development methods that would be justified as sustainable.


HYPOTHESIS
It is possible to significantly increase of the efficiency of construction, housing quality, save energy, preserve the environment, support sustainable development, halt global warming and the impact on economic growth and general prosperity of society by scientifically based arguments related to the use of wood as building material in the construction of individual houses

Significantly contribute to the economic development of wood industry of Europe as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina can be approved by changes in the approach to the construction of individual houses, which are based on the application of wood as building material and relying on the last technological achievements in the wood construction.

To prevent a global catastrophe human can fight with all means and on more fronts. Wood is the most important natural material, which has the invaluable natural characteristic and the feature of recycling, and most important is that it is a natural regulator of the level of CO2 in the atmosphere.

Supporting actions to the scientist-research work in the field of construction physics, engineering approximation of local practices with modern trends of construction will contribute to the establishment of adequate capacity for scientist-research work in this important sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Energy and environmental development of Bosnia and Herzegovina must not be based on conventional sources of energy, which are limited and no sustainable, but must be based on the use of renewable energy, achieving increase energy efficiency and development of economically, efficient and environmentally rational building.


VALUE - CONTRIBUTION OF PROPOSED PROJECT DOCTORAL Dissertations
Suggested topics doctoral dissertation represents current and "live" matter in the field of architectural theory and design theory of architecture and the proposal of future activities. Modern information society covered by global economic and political processes, has a great impact on the emergence and development of modern phenomenon in architecture. Awakening environmental consciousness, the needs of energy savings, development of clean technologies that support sustainable development and to find out best solutions that can respond to modern trends and needs has special emphasis, in the last twenty years in modern society.
The architecture and civil engineering have been recognized as one of the most important branches of economy, given that ca. 40% of total consumption of energy goes to heating construction of buildings, which in its action are enormous role in the process of preserving the environment under the influence of environmental requirements and modern technologies that are focused on resolving these requirements are changing and the way of participation and understanding of the role and place architectural and construction engineering of thought.
All of the analysis which are aimed at finding the best solutions in the service of human, can be used in every corner planet country by exchanging of information on the similar problems fundamentally changed the aspect availability and quantity of available information, or the quality of their understanding, adoption and usage in the life of modern human.

The basic objectives of the energy and environmental development of Bosnia and Herzegovina must not be based on conventional sources of energy, which are limited and non sustainable, but must be based on the use of renewable energy, achieving increase energy efficiency and development of economically efficient and environmentally rational construction.

Wood is one of the basic materials in architectural design of residential buildings in the future. Development of wood industry leads to a strong economic development, solving social problems, restore the tradition that also means cultural progress, and this technology fully supports sustainable development. General prosperity of society in Bosnia and Herzegovina looking forward to well educated young scientist who will be able to carry out the new tasks those are set. This article would give information on opportunities and successful ways of solving defined problems, pointed to the responsibility of designers to the planet earth, influenced the awakening of consciousness about the importance of inclusion of Bosnia and Herzegovina and her industry in the process of sustainable technology and building. Also, this article would give the proposal, list of measures and activities to increase energy efficiency and environmental and development of efficient construction in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the proposal of creating national standards based to the already amicable European and ISO standards, but adapted to Bosnian conditions and needs.

Also this work will propose of an experimental settlement, which would contents all elements included all the best experiences of Europe and the world and it would be customized and adapted to the needs and climatic conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. All interested parties, professional and scientist workers, public employees and ordinary citizen will have opportunity to be in a practical way familiar with the benefits of such construction of individual residential housing units and opportunities on practice way meet benefits of this economy and healthy housing solutions. Special stress would be given to compare of energy consumption of such facilities in relation to the energy consumption of classical buildings, similar or equal size and shapes. Main contribution of such a practical example will be break with prejudice as the main archenemy of development.

Contribution of sciences works in the field of construction physics, support sustainable development and construction of buildings with low energy consumption in all four regions of energy savings would be most reflected to secure of conditions for the creation of a national development strategy of Civil Engineering and Architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to promote the importance of the role of civil engineering at sustainable development, and to promote of scientist works in the future activities of our country to International plan.