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M. Wagner, S. Seiler, B. Meyer, L. Boatner, M. Schmid, U. Diebold:
"Reducing the In₂O₃(111) Surface Results in Ordered Indium Adatoms";
Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2014 (2014), 14002891 - 14002896.

The In2O3(111) surface can be transformed from an oxidized bulk termination to one that is covered by single In adatoms. As each adatom sits at one specific site within the surface unit cell they form a well-ordered (1 × 1) superstructure. Annealing at 500 °C in O2 or in ultrahigh vacuum results in a fully reversible conversion between these two surface terminations; this transformation and intermediate stages were followed with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Formation of this novel surface structure under reducing conditions is corroborated by density functional theory (DFT). The reduced adatom-covered and the oxidized In2O3(111) surfaces are expected to exhibit different chemical and electronic properties, which can easily be exploited by the facile and reversible switching between the two terminations