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Buchbeiträge:

G. Rupprechter:
"Surface Science Approach to Heterogeneous Catalysis";
in: "Textbook on Surface and Interface Science", K. Wandelt (Hrg.); Wiley-VCH, 2016, ISBN: 978-3-527-41158-0, S. 459 - 527.



Kurzfassung englisch:
The chapter deals with the surface science approach to heterogeneous catalysis, that is, the modelling of catalysts by single-crystal surfaces, evaporated metal and oxide films, inverse catalysts, oxide-supported metal nanoparticles, and so on. The atomic and electronic structure of the models, as well as the adsorption and reactions on them, are examined by surface spectroscopy and surface microscopy. The focus is on examining active functioning catalysts under working conditions, at (or near) ambient pressure and at elevated temperature. The key methods are PM-IRAS (polarization-modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy), NAP-XPS (near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), and PEEM (photoemission electron microscopy). To address the relevance for technology, the corresponding studies are performed on industrial-grade catalysts applying Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy), NAP-XPS, and XRD (X-ray diffraction). This twofold approach yields a more holistic view of the catalytically relevant atomic and electronic surface structure of catalysts, as well as of molecular details that steer reaction activity and, even more important, reaction selectivity. Comparing surface science-based single crystals with nanoparticle model catalysts elucidates the materials gap, and comparing ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) to ambient pressure studies reveals the pressure gap. Different approaches to model and applied catalysis may lead to a methodology gap. Among the systems studied are (i) hydrogen generation by methanol steam-reforming on alloy (intermetallic) PdZn catalysts and (ii) CO oxidation on Pt and Pd as well as ethylene and butadiene hydrogenation on Pd.

Schlagworte:
surface science; model catalysis; in situ spectroscopy; in situ microscopy; methanol steam reforming; CO oxidation; catalytic ignition; ethylene hydrogenation; butadiene hydrogenation; noble metal single crystals


"Offizielle" elektronische Version der Publikation (entsprechend ihrem Digital Object Identifier - DOI)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527680573.ch39


Erstellt aus der Publikationsdatenbank der Technischen Universität Wien.