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S. Stanic, A. Altun, D. Reicharlzeder, M. Schwentenwein, S. Baudis, J. Stampfl, R. Liska:
"Highly Filled Hydrogels as Biocomposites and Ceramic Precursors for 3D Printing Aplications";
Poster: Danube Vltava Sava Polymer Meeting 2017, Wien; 09-05-2017 - 09-08-2017; in: "Danube Vltava Sava Polymer Meeting 2017", Book of Abstracts.com, (2017), ISBN: 978-3-9504017-6-9; PO-24.

Hydrogels form a crosslinked 3D polymer network and have the possibility to absorb
high amounts of water. For applications in the biomedical fìeld hydrogels are a
promising material platform in combination with lithography-based additive
manufacturing technologies (L-AMT, type of 3D printing). on the other hand, water
borne ceramic precursors are an interesting, environmentally friendly alternative to
solvent bome formulations. The most common materials for L-AMT are acrylale
monomers, because of their high reactivity and commercial availability' However, for
biocompatible hydrogels acrylate monomers were replaced by vinyl esters owing their
lower cytotoxicity. In this work, new monomers were synthesized from commercial
available divinyl adipate (DVA) by lipase catalyzed transesteriftcation reactions' In
order to improve reactivity of the new polyethylene glycol based vinyl ester monomers
thiol-ene chemistry was employed [1]. Different acrylate and vinyl ester precursors
were printed by digital light processing (DLP) based stereolithography (DLP-SLT) [2]'
With this technique it is possible to print geometric demanding structures, as shown in
Figure 1. For the printing process of highly filled
hydrogels Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing
(LCM) was applied. Materials for
different applications scenarios, for example
ceramic precursors (for dense zirconia ceramic
parts) or hydroxyl apatite filled biocomposites
(biomaterial for bone regeneration), could be
fabricated by means of LCM.

Hydrogels form a crosslinked 3D polymer network, absorb high amounts of water, the biomedical fìeld, lithography-based additive manufacturing technologies,