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K. Wegener, F. Bleicher, P. Krajnik, H. Hoffmeister, C. Brecher:
"Recent Developments in Grinding Machines";
Keynote Lecture: 67th General Assembly of CIRP, Lugano, Italien (invited); 08-20-2017 - 08-26-2017; in: "Cirp Annals 2017", Elsevier, (2017), ISSN: 0007-8506; 778 - 802.

Abstract: Grinding is often the final step in the process/manufacturing
chain, meaning that no subsequent post-grinding correction of the surface
and geometry is performed. This imposes strong requirements on grindingmachine
technology and on the understanding of this finalising process.
While grinding has unique capabilities it is nevertheless in competition
with other machining processes. The evolution of grinding machines is
driven by process requirements like accuracy, MRR, and subsurface
integrity. The regeneration of the tool on the machine with dressing
devices is to be regarded as unique for grinding machines, hence a
grinding machine always runs two separate processes. The high accuracy of
grinding has, in fact, been an obstacle to simply adopting developments
from other machining processing. Also, a lack of experienced machinists
and a general trend towards individualized products and one-piece flow
has required a transitioning from an experience-based approach to a
science-based approach. Development is further driven by market demands,
such as cost-reduction in terms of CAPEX, footprint, TCO versus quality,
and throughput, which affect business models and the machine's design and
construction. Moreover, the current mega-trends - such as resource
efficiency, individualization, ergonomics and Industry 4.0 - are changing
the appearance of grinding machines, which is also affected by the
availability of new technologies, especially sensors, actuators and the
control or machine intelligence. This paper reviews the most-relevant
technologies, assesses their impact and the readiness of industry to
adopt them, identifies the still-open issues, and concludes with future
research requirements.