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A. Hofecker, P. Knaack, M. Markovic, T. Koch, A. Ovsianikov, R. Liska:
"New Approaches for the Synthesis of low toxic Monomers";
Poster: 5th European Symposium of Photopolymer Science, Mulhouse, France; 2018-09-03 - 2018-09-06; in: "5th European Symposium of Photopolymer Science", 5th European Symposium of Photopolymer Science, (2018), PO12.

UV curing of photopolymerizable monomers has been used for protective and decorative coatings for more than half a century. Especially acrylates and methacrylates are state of the art monomers in photopolymerization of coatings and inkjet printing. They are also widely used in further developed fields such as 3D-printing or in tissue engineering, concerning their large variety of commercially available building blocks, good storage stability, and fast curing rates.
However, these monomers have major drawbacks such as high irritancy and cytotoxicity, leading to a limited usage for tissue engineering regarding health and environmental issues.1
Therefore, the scope of our research is to synthesize monomers with a significant lower toxicity. To compete with the state of the art monomers, newly developed monomers must show a lower toxicity, good storage stability, similar or even better mechanical properties of the final polymer and enough reactivity towards radical polymerization.
Since vinyl esters including vinyl carbamates and vinyl carbonates fulfill these requirements, these building blocks were recently chosen for further studies. In the case of acrylates, the hydrolysis of unreacted groups leads to harmful acrylic acid while in the case of the newly synthesized monomers the non-toxic FDA approved poly(vinyl alcohol) arise as degradation product.2 Thus, vinyl carbamates are promising educts in the field of tissue engineering. Up to now, vinyl carbamates and vinyl carbonates are usually synthesized by reacting the very expensive vinyl chloroformate and the appropriate amine or alcohol. Hence, a new reasonable synthetic route for the synthesis of both are the aim of our research.

UV curing of photopolymerizable monomers, acrylates and methacrylates, 3D-printing, tissue engineering, high irritancy and cytotoxicity, monomers with a significant lower toxicity