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S. Takahashi, K. Maruyama, T. Kawagoe, H. Wu, K. Misue, M. Arikawa:
"Mental Map Preservation for Progressively Labeling Railway Networks";
International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies (IJACDT), 8 (2019), 1; 11 - 30.

Schematizing railway networks for better readability is often achieved by aligning railway lines along the octilinear directions. However, such railway map layouts require further adjustment when placing station name labels. In this article, the authors present a novel approach to automating the placement of station names around the railway network while maximally respecting its original layout as the mental map. The key idea is to progressively annotate stations from congested central downtown areas to sparse rural areas. This is accomplished by introducing the sum of geodesic distances over the railway network to properly order the stations to be annotated first, and then elongating the line segments of the railway network while retaining their directions to spare enough labeling space around each station. Additional constraints are also introduced to restrict the aspect ratios of the region confined by the railway network for better preservation of the mental map.

Geodesic Distances, Mental Maps, Mixed-Integer Programming, Progressive Annotation, Railway Maps, Schematic Layouts

http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/IJACDT.2019010103

https://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/publik_283264.pdf