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M.N. Durakbasa, P. Demircioglu, J.M. Bauer, I. Bögrekci, G. Bas, O. Bodur, G. Poszvek:
"Additive Miniaturized-Manufactured Gear Parts Validated by Various Measuring Methods";
in: "Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Measurement and Quality Control - Cyber Physical Issue IMEKO TC 14 2019, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering (LNME)", Springer International Publishing AG, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-18176-5, 276 - 290.

Recently, miniaturization has become an important topic to both
scientists and engineers. The manufacturing trends are following the compact
size manufactured-components. Miniaturization challenges engineers to obtain
smaller size of the components, to reduce their weights & power consumption
and to take less space utilization. The functional specifications of the parts must
be clarified beforehand, so that the functions are not lost in miniaturization. With
consideration of the geometrical product specification (GPS), it is possible to
better limit the functional properties and thus succeed in miniaturization. In this
work, the problems with the reduction of the gear components are explained and
the subsequent assessment are presented with different methods such as contact
and noncontact metrology methods. Tactile and optical methods are used to
determine the surface structure. Coordinate measuring machines (CMM) are one
of the geometry based tactile methods. The optical methods give more information
about the geometry and microstructure of technical surfaces by using
computed tomography (CT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
According to the measurement results, the measurement data belonging to CMM
measurements for the partial circles showed the same results with CT measurements.
The surface roughness values were varied from the existed geometry
to the miniaturized geometry using CLSM. In porosity measurement with CT,
porosity decreased in the micro geometry of the gear components. The miniaturized
geometry had less porosity related to the gaps volume, than the normal
geometry. The minimum gap volumes depend on the scanning resolution in CT.
The gaps in macro geometry were logically more frequent than the micro
geometry.

Additive manufacturing Computed tomography Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Gear part Geometrical product specification (GPS) Miniaturization

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18177-2