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W.S.M. Werner, V. Astasauskas, P. Ziegler, A. Bellissimo, G. Stefani, L. Linhart, F. Libisch:
"Secondary Electron Emission by Plasmon-Induced Symmetry Breaking in Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite";
Physical Review Letters, 125 (2020), 1966031 - 1966036.

Two-particle spectroscopy with correlated electron pairs is used to establish the causal link between the
secondary electron spectrum, the (π þ σ) plasmon peak, and the unoccupied band structure of highly
oriented pyrolytic graphite. The plasmon spectrum is resolved with respect to the involved interband
transitions and clearly exhibits final state effects, in particular due to the energy gap between the interlayer
resonances along the ΓA direction. The corresponding final state effects can also be identified in the
secondary electron spectrum. Interpretation of the results is performed on the basis of density-functional
theory and tight-binding calculations. Excitation of the plasmon perturbs the symmetry of the system and
leads to hybridization of the interlayer resonances with atomlike σ" bands along the ΓA direction. These
hybrid states have a high density of states as well as sufficient mobility along the graphite c axis leading to
the sharp ∼3 eV resonance in the spectrum of emitted secondary electrons reported throughout the
literature.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.196603

https://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/publik_290810.pdf