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R. Giffinger:
"Smart City: The Importance of Innovation and Planning";
in: "Smart Cities, Green Technologies and Intelligent Transport Systems", M. Helfert, C. Klein, B. Donnellan, O. Gusikhin (Hrg.); Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2021, ISBN: 978-3-030-68027-5, S. 28 - 39.

Smart Cities are in particular focusing on the implementation of new
technologies with the purpose to tackle urban challenges like climate change,
urban competitiveness and other problems of sustainable development. During
the last years the ways of collecting data, of computing and using big data and
of communicating evidence had been improved significantly. Smart Cities show
a wide range of new technical facilities and services which are the outcome of
specific concepts of innovation and urban planning approaches.
With respect to urban transformation processes coping with mentioned challenges,
technical innovations are important. They enable the realization of energy
efficiency, reduction of energy use or mitigation of emissions. At the same time
technically-driven transformation processes in mobility conditions and communication
are supporting the attractivity of cities. Smart cities very often claim to
provide a `better life´ and sustainable development. In front of these developments
it becomes obvious that technical innovations play a crucial role but at the same
time we can assume a mutual relation with specific approaches of urban planning
beyond such transformation processes.
The main objective of this contribution is to elaborate these different concepts
of innovation and the corresponding role of urban planning. Based on a short
description of the technical core of a Smart City which enables a more comprehensive
data collecting, a more precise analysis of bigger and better integrated
data sets and a faster communication, three different forms of innovation and
their mutual relation with planning approaches are elaborated. Doing so, special
attention is given to the basic understanding what is a city, who are the crucial
actors, and which role do planning approaches have. Finally, it is shown that the
concept of `open innovation´ can be used in a technical and in particular in a predominantly
socially integrative way through the enforced co-creation of `urban
innovation´. The corresponding planning tool for its identification, conceptualization
and implementation is the concept of an `urban Living Lab´ which enables
and supports a smart and evidence-based understanding of urban planning.

Smart City, Innovation, Triple and quadruple helix, Urban Living Labs

https://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/publik_296526.pdf