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J. Malik, E. Azar, A. Mahdavi, T. Hong:
"A level-of-details framework for representing occupant behavior in agent-based models";
Automation in Construction, 2022 (2022), 139.

Agent-based modeling is an advanced computational technique capable of representing complex and dynamic
processes of human behavior in building performance simulation. Though the agent-based approach supports
diverse applications concerning human behavior modeling within the built environment, there is no consensus
on the optimal amount of information or level of granularity needed for occupant information representation.
This paper attempts to formalize the level of details (LoD) needed for occupant behavior representation in agentbased environments. A novel framework, grounded on the concept of LoD, is proposed to select the required
details in representing occupants in agent-based models. Ten attributes related to occupants´ presence, movement, behavioral processes, and repertoire are considered to define the LoD. The framework identifies use case
parameters as the guiding principle and allows a hybrid approach for selecting varying degrees of occupant
attributes to serve the purpose of simulation. A discussion on the pertinence of different occupant behavior LoDs
in relation to the desired objective and simulation context is also presented. The study intends to support the
occupant behavior research by advancing agent-based occupant modeling in building performance simulation.

(no german abstract):
Agent-based modeling is an advanced computational technique capable of representing complex and dynamic
processes of human behavior in building performance simulation. Though the agent-based approach supports
diverse applications concerning human behavior modeling within the built environment, there is no consensus
on the optimal amount of information or level of granularity needed for occupant information representation.
This paper attempts to formalize the level of details (LoD) needed for occupant behavior representation in agentbased environments. A novel framework, grounded on the concept of LoD, is proposed to select the required
details in representing occupants in agent-based models. Ten attributes related to occupants´ presence, movement, behavioral processes, and repertoire are considered to define the LoD. The framework identifies use case
parameters as the guiding principle and allows a hybrid approach for selecting varying degrees of occupant
attributes to serve the purpose of simulation. A discussion on the pertinence of different occupant behavior LoDs
in relation to the desired objective and simulation context is also presented. The study intends to support the
occupant behavior research by advancing agent-based occupant modeling in building performance simulation.

Level of detail, Occupant behavior, Agent-based model, Building simulation, Behavioral Theory

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104290

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926580522001637?dgcid=coauthor