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J. Melenk, T. Eibner:
"Multilevel preconditioning for the boundary concentrated hp-FEM";
2006.

The boundary concentrated finite element method is a variant of
the $hp$-version of the finite element method that is particularly suited
for the numerical treatment of elliptic boundary value problems with
smooth coefficients and low regularity boundary conditions. For this method
we present two multilevel preconditioners that lead to preconditioned
stiffness matrices with condition numbers that are bounded uniformly
in the problem size $N$. The cost of applying the preconditioners is $O(N)$.
Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of the
algorithms.

hp-FEM, multilevel preconditioner, boundary concentrated FEM

http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/pub-tm_4999.pdf